February 01, 1917
– Sialkot, Punjab, Undivided India.
Date of
Death
August 26, 2012
Other Events &
Developments
An unparallelled character actor
of Bollywood, who started at the age
of 50.
He was an Indian freedom fighter
from 1929–1947 and also stage actor
from 1936–1965 and later became a
character actor in Hindi language
films from 1966–2005.
He has acted in around 225 Hindi
films in his acting career.
His primary occupation for the
early part of his life was that of a
tailor.
He moved to Bombay after the
Partition of India in 1949 after 3
years in prison in Pakistan. He was
jailed because he was a communist.
Awards and Accolades
The government of India awarded him the
Padma Bhushan for his
contribution to Hindi Cinema in 2006.
The second ruler of the Khilji dynasty
reigning from 1296 to 1316.
Date-wise Events / Works
Jul 19, 1296: He became Sultan of Delhi on this
day.
August 26, 1303: He attacked and
won Chittor on this day.
Other Events &
Developments
He is considered the most
powerful ruler of the dynasty.
He liked to call himself ‘The
Second Alexander’. He took the title
‘Sikander-i-Sani’.
He banned drinking of alcohol in
open in his kingdom.
A tale of his attack over
Chittor to capture the queen of
Chittor, Rani Padmini, the wife of
Rawal Ratan Singh and the subsequent
story have been immortalised in the
epic poem Padmavat, written by Malik
Muhammad Jayasi in the Awadhi
language in the year 1540.
He was a strategist and military
commander who commanded forces
across the Indian subcontinent.
He repeatedly defended his
empire against Mongol invasions. He
defeated large Mongol armies and
then launched punitive expeditions
against them in Central Asia, around
modern-day Afghanistan.
July 1923 - Broadcasting in India began
in July 1923 with programmes by the Radio Club of Mumbai and
other radio clubs.
July 23, 1927 - The Bombay Station of
the Indian Broadcasting Company (now All India Radio
since 1936 and officially known as AAKASHVANI
since 1956), located in a building called the 'RADIO
HOUSE' was inaugurated by Lord Irwin, the
Viceroy of India.
August 26, 1927 - Calcutta Station of
the Indian Broadcasting Company (now All India Radio
since 1936 and officially known as AAKASHVANI
since 1956), was started on this day.
March 01, 1930 - The Indian
Broadcasting Company went into liquidation.
April 01, 1930 - Government of
India took over the existing private broadcasting
facilities, starting the Indian State Broadcasting
Service (ISBS) (It was on experimental basis
for two years, but continued even after 2 years)
June 08, 1936 – Renamed
India State Broadcasting Service as ‘All India Radio’.
October 01, 1939 - External Service
began on this day with a broadcast in Pushtu;
it was intended to counter radio propaganda from Germany
directed to Afghanistan, Iran and the Arab nations.
October 03, 1957 - Vividh Bharati
Service was launched, to compete with Radio Ceylon. It
presents a mix of film music, skits, short plays and
interactive programmes, Some of the old popular programmes
of Vividh Bharati are 'Sangeet Sarita', 'Bhule Bisre Geet',
Hawa Mahal, 'Jaimala', 'Inse Miliye', 'Chhaya Geet' etc.
April 01, 1976 - Television broadcasting began in Delhi in 1959 as part
of AIR, but was separated from radio as Doordarshan on
this day.
July 23, 1977 - FM broadcasting
commenced on this day
in Madras and was expanded in the 1990s.
July 05, 2017: Narendra Modi, while in
Israel, informed that the immortal Signature Tune of All
India Radio was composed by a Jewish.
But the moot question is "When, Why and by whom this
tune (most popular in India) was done away with?" Listen
to it:
Objective
The basic objectives of AIR are:
Uphold the
unity of the country and the democratic values
enshrined in the constitution.
Present a fair and balanced
flow of information of national,
regional, local and international interest, including
contrasting views, without advocating any opinion or ideology of
its own.
Promote the interest and concerns of the entire nation, being
mindful of the need for harmonyand understanding within the country and ensuring that
the programmes reflect the varied elements which make the
composite culture of India.
Produce and transmit varied programmes designed to
awaken,
inform, enlighten, educate, entertain and enrich all sections of
the people.
Produce and transmit programmes relating to developmental
activities in all their facetsincluding extension work in agriculture, education,
health and family welfare and science & technology.
Serve the rural, illiterate and under-privileged population,
keeping in the mind the special needs and interest of the young,
social and cultural minorities, the tribal population and those
residing in border regions, backward or remote areas.
Promote social justice and combat exploitation, inequality and
such evils as untouchability andnarrow parochial loyalties.
Serve the rural population, minority communities, women,
children, illiterate as well as other weaker and vulnerable
sections of the society.
Promote
national integration.
Description
AIR originates programmes in 23 languages
and 146 dialects Reaching over
92% of the country’s area and 99.2
% of the total population.
A Division of ‘PRASAR BHARATI’
When India became independent in 1947, the AIR
network had only six stations: Delhi,
Bombay, Calcutta, Madras, Lucknow, and Tiruchi; the total
number of radio sets at that time was about 275,000.
Presently it is one of the largest broadcasting
organisations in the world in terms of the number
of languages of broadcast, the spectrum of socio-economic
and cultural diversity it serves.
AIR’s home service comprises 418 broadcasting
centres and 199 relay centres today located across
the country.
He wrote many historical fictions, including Vaishali ki
Nagarvadhu (1948), Vayam Rakshamah (1951), Somnath (1954)
and Dharamputra, which was adapted into feature film,
Dharmputra (1961).
SAINT MOTHER TERESA
(Her birth name is:
Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu).
Date of
Birth
August 26, 1910
Date of
Death
September 05, 1997
Identity
Albanian-born Indian Roman
Catholic nun (Akin to
Bhagat Puran Singh of
Pingalwara of Punjab, India).
Date-wise Events / Works
August 15, 1928: On this
day, she decided to commit herself to religious activities,
and soon thereafter she left her home and started
preparations to become a missionary.
January 06, 1929: She arrived in India
and began her new missionary work in Darjeeling, near the
Himalayan mountains, where she learnt Bengali and taught at
St. Teresa's School, a schoolhouse close to her convent.
May 24, 1931: She took her
first religious vows as a nun on this day. At that time she
opted for the name Teresa.
May 14, 1937: She took her
solemn vows on this day.
1943: The Bengal
famine of 1943 brought misery and death to the city
of Calcutta.
August 1946: The outbreak
of Hindu/Muslim violence plunged the city
into despair and horror.
September 10, 1946: On this
day, she as if got an order from the God that she must
leave the convent and help the poor while living
among them. This was the day when Sister Teresa in
fact became Mother Teresa.
October 07, 1950: She received
the permission of the Vatican to start the Mission
of Charity in order to care for "the hungry, the
naked, the homeless, the crippled, the blind, the lepers,
all those people who feel unwanted, unloved, uncared for
throughout society, people that have become a burden to the
society and are shunned by everyone."
1952: She opened the first
Home for the Dying in space made available by the city
administration. With the help of Indian officials she
converted an abandoned Hindu temple into the Kalighat Home
for the Dying, a free hospice for the poor. So she created
facilities to ensure that those who lived like animals die
like angels—loved and wanted.
1955: She opened the
Nirmala Shishu Bhavan, the Children's Home
of the Immaculate Heart, as a haven for orphans and homeless
youth.
October 17, 1979: She received the
Nobel Peace Prize. She asked that the Nobel prize
money of $192,000 be given to the poor in India.
January 25, 1980: She was
conferred India's highest civilian award, BHARAT
RATNA, by the Govt. of India.
1992: Her authorised
biography was written by Indian civil
servant Navin Chawla and published in 1992.
1996: By this year, she was
operating 517 missions in more than 100 countries.
Over the years, Mother Teresa's Missionaries of Charity grew
from twelve to thousands serving the "poorest of the
poor" in 450 centres around the
world.
April 1996: She fell and
broke her collar bone. Thereafter, her health was gradually
on the decline.
November 16, 1996: She received
honorary US citizenship on this day.
March 13, 1997: She stepped
down from the head of Missionaries of Charity.
September 05, 1997: She died on
this day. At the time of her death, her Missionaries of
Charity had over 4,000 sisters, and an associated
brotherhood of 300 members, operating 610 missions in 123
countries. These included hospices and homes for people with
HIV/AIDS, leprosy and tuberculosis, soup kitchens,
children's and family counselling programmes, personal
helpers, orphanages and schools. The Missionaries of Charity
were also aided by co-workers, who numbered over 1 million
by the 1990s.
October 19, 2003: Her
beatification by Pope John Paul II on this day after her
death gave her the title "Blessed Teresa of Calcutta".
December 17, 2015: The Vatican
confirmed that Pope Francis recognised a second miracle
attributed to her involving the healing of a Brazilian man
with multiple brain tumours.
September 04, 2016: On this
day, she was canonised by the Pope at the Vatican. Thereafter she will be known
as Saint Mother Tereza.
August 26, 2001: He became
the youngest chess grandmaster from India.
November 2004: He won the
World Junior Chess Championship.
August 2006: He won the
Chess960 (Fischer Random Chess) Junior Chess Championship.
May 2011: He won the Asian
Chess Championship.
January 2012: He won group
B of the Tata Steel Chess Tournament. This result qualified
him to participate in the A group in 2013, considered one of
the strongest tournaments each year.
January 2013: As a debutant
in A group of the Tata Steel Chess Tournament in January
2013 he finished in the first half (7th place) and crossed
2700 rating points.
May 2013: As of May 2013,
he is the 2nd highest rated player in India after
Vishwanathan Anand, No. 8 in Asia and 52nd in the world.
Other Events &
Developments
In international team
competition, Harikrishna has
represented the Indian team in
six Chess Olympiads
since 2000.
He has won more than 31
gold medals in National and
International competitions, besides
many silver and bronze medals.
June 28, 1914: Assassination
of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of
Austro-Hungarian empire, in Sarajevo, Bosnia July 28, 1914: Begining of the World War - I, when
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. See the
ww-I timeline attached November 11, 1918: Armistice day; fighting ceases at 11am
May 07- June 28, 1919: Treaty of Versailles drafted and
signed
Description
It was a Global warfare involving
Europe, Africa, the Middle East, the Pacific Islands, China
and off the coast of South and North AmericaBut centred in
Europe.
A small conflict became a
big warfare and soon Germany, Russia, Great
Britain, and France were all dragged into the war.
Despite the death of millions of soldiers
in brutal conditions, neither side had gained any
advantage.
Angered by attacks upon its ships in the Atlantic,
USA also declared war on Germany in April,
1017.
In November, 1917, Russia pulled out of the war because
of the Bolshevik Revolution at home.
A deadly outbreak of influenza, in
1918, took heavy tolls on soldiers of both sides.
Eventually, the governments of both Germany and
Austria-Hungary began to lose control.
The fighting ended in the late fall of 1918, after the
member countries of the Central Powers signed armistice
agreements one by one. But the final end of the war was
achieved only after signing of the treaty of
Versailles.
Germany, under the Treaty of Versailles, was
severely punished with strict sanctions.
Some historians believe that the excessive
punishment of Germany had actually actually planted
the seeds of World War II, rather than
foster peace.
India Gate in New Delhi was built as a
War Memorial to commemorate the
death of 90,000 Indian soldiers, who were killed in
the North West Province during the First World War and the
Afghan Fiasco of 1919.
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