| Name(s) |
CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI
BHONSLE |
| Date of
Birth |
February 19, 1630 – Shivneri Fort, Near Pune,
Maharashtra, India. |
| Date of
Death |
April 03, 1680 – Raigad Fort, Pune,
Maharashtra, India. |
|
Identity |
Founder of the Maratha Empire |
|
Date-wise Events / Works |
- November 10, 1659 - In the Battle of Pratapgarh fought on
this day, Shivaji's forces
decisively defeated the Bijapur Sultanate's forces.
- June 11, 1665 - In the Treaty of Purandar, signed
between Shivaji and Jai Singh on this day,
Shivaji agreed to give up 23 of his forts and pay
compensation of 400,000 rupees to the Mughals. He also
agreed to let his son Sambhaji become a
Mughal sardar, serve the Mughal court of Aurangzeb and
fight alongside the Mughals against
Bijapur.
- June 06, 1674 - He created an independent Maratha kingdom with Raigad as
its capital, and was crowned chhatrapati ("paramount
sovereign") of the Marathas on this day.
- May 12, 1666 - In 1666, Aurangzeb invited Shivaji to Agra, along with
his nine-year-old son Sambhaji. However, in the court, on
this day, Aurangzeb made Shivaji stand
behind mansabdārs (military commanders) of his court.
Shivaji took offence and stormed out of
court and was promptly placed under house arrest.
- August 17, 1666 - Shivaji, disguised as labourer carrying sweet
basket, escaped on this day; he and
his son fled to the Deccan disguised as sadhus (holy men).
- June 18, 1674 - His mother Jijabai died on
this day,
within a few days of the coronation. Considering this a
bad omen, a second coronation was carried
out 24 September 1674.
- April 21, 1680 - Ten-year-old
Rajaram was installed on the throne. However,
Sambhaji took possession of the Raigad Fort after killing
the commander, and on 18 June, 1680
acquired control of Raigad, and formally ascended the throne
on 20 July, 1680.
- January 26, 1961: Opposite
the gateway stands the statue of Shivaji, as a symbol of
Maratha "pride and courage". The statue was unveiled on this
day on the occasion of India's Republic Day.
|
|
Other Events &
Developments |
- He was the founder of the Maratha Empire, which
lasted until 1818.
- At its peak, the Maratha empire covered much of the
Indian subcontinent.
- Shivaji led a resistance to free the Maratha people from
the Adilshahi sultanate of Bijapur and the Mughal Empire.
- Finally, he succeeded in establishing a Hindavi Swarajya
("self-rule of Hindu people").
- He innovated military tactics, pioneering the guerilla
Shiva sutra or ganimi kava methods, to defeat his larger and
more powerful enemies.
- From a small contingent of 2,000 soldiers inherited from
his father, Shivaji created a force of 100,000 soldiers.
- He revived ancient Hindu political traditions and court
conventions, and promoted the usage of Marathi and Sanskrit,
rather than Persian, in court and administration.
- After Shivaji's death, the widowed Soyarabai made plans
with various ministers of the administration to crown her
son Rajaram rather than her stepson
Sambhaji.
- Rajaram, his wife Janki Bai, and mother Soyrabai were
imprisoned, and Soyrabai executed on charges of conspiracy.
|
|
Commemoration |
- His statues and monuments are found in almost every town
and city in Maharashtra, and across different Indian cities
outside Maharashtra, such as statues in Bangalore, Vadodara,
Surat, Agra, Delhi, inside the premises of the National
Defence Academy (NDA), Pune, and an equestrian statue inside
the Parliament House complex in Delhi.
- Indian Navy has named one of its bases after Shivaji,
christening it as INS Shivaji.
- The Government of India has issued a postage stamp
commemorating Shivaji, in 1961, 1974 and 1980.
- Mumbai's international airport at Sahar was renamed the
Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport in 1996.
- Victoria Terminus railway station was similarly renamed
as the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus.
- The Victoria Jubilee Technical Institute was renamed
after Shivaji's mother, to the Veermata Jijabai
Technological Institute.
|
|
<> PROFILE
<> CROSSWORD
<> QUIZ
<> VIDEOS
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Quiz on History of the date of his birth <>
Quiz on History of the date of his death <>
Quotes on FREEDOM <>
Quotes on Victory, Conquer, Winning
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